forlorn
英 [fə'lɔːn] 美 [fər'lɔːrn]
adj.孤独的；凄凉的；渺茫的
◉Etymology
“Forlorn”源自古英语“forloren”，是动词“forlēosan”的过去分词，意为“完全失去”或“被剥夺”。“Forlēosan”由前缀“for-”（完全、失去）和“lēosan”（失去）组成，与“lose”（丢失）、“loss”（损失）同根，源于印欧语系的“*leu-”（分开、切断）。这个词在12世纪进入英语，最初指被抛弃或毁灭的状态，后演变为形容孤独、绝望的情感或场景。其语感柔和而哀婉，带有一种令人同情的悲剧色彩。
◉外刊例句
① 《The Guardian》 (2023年11月20日)
The forlorn village, abandoned after the factory closed, stood silent under the gray sky.
这个孤寂的村庄在工厂关闭后被遗弃，在灰色天空下沉默地伫立。
② 《The New York Times》 (2024年6月10日)
She wore a forlorn expression, as if hope had slipped away.
她带着一种无望的表情，仿佛希望已悄然逝去。
◉经典名著
① 《呼啸山庄》（Wuthering Heights）——艾米莉·勃朗特 (1847年)
Heathcliff stood forlorn on the moor, his heart broken by loss.
希斯克利夫孤零零地站在荒野上，因失去而心碎。
② 《老人与海》（The Old Man and the Sea）——欧内斯特·海明威 (1952年)
The old man’s forlorn figure rowed alone against the vast sea.
老人孤寂的身影独自划船，对抗广阔的大海。
◉Usage Examples
(1) She had a forlorn look on her face.
(2) She looked wretched and forlorn, despairing of the arrival of a friend who had promised to meet her.
(3) He made his final forlorn attempt.
(4) Privately, both of us nursed a forlorn hope.
(1) 她脸上有一种孤独的神情。
(2) 她看上去又可怜又孤独，对于答应来看她的朋友的到来已不抱希望。
(3) 他做了最后一次几乎无望的努力。
(4) 我们俩人都私下怀着一线渺茫的希望。
◉Usage Notes
Sniff, sniff, boo-hoo... use the adjective forlorn to express loneliness and feeling left out.
When someone is forlorn it means that they not only feel miserable but simultaneously desolate because they also believe they are alone. Forlorn is a very old word in English, and in fact it comes from the Old English word forlesen and means "to lose completely." Synonyms for forlorn all have fairly sad meanings: disconsolate, pessimistic, despairing, despondent, abandoned, depressed, desperate.
◉Colins
1. [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]孤苦伶仃的；愁苦的 If someone is forlorn, they feel alone and unhappy. [ADJ n] [LITERARY 文]
① One of the demonstrators, a young woman, sat forlorn on the pavement...
一名年轻的女示威者独自一人坐在人行路上。
② He looked a forlorn figure as he limped off after 26 minutes.
26 分钟之后他一瘸一拐地走出来，显得孤单凄凉。
forlornly
③ A Dutch newspaper photographed the president waiting forlornly in the rain.
一份荷兰报纸拍到了总统形单影只地在雨中等待的照片。
2. [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词]无人居住的；荒凉的；废弃的 If a place is forlorn, it is deserted and not cared for, or has little in it. [LITERARY 文]
They headed inland on a forlorn road that was rutted and pocked...
他们沿着一条坑坑洼洼布满车辙印的荒凉小路向内地进发。
The once glorious palaces stood empty and forlorn.
昔日金碧辉煌的宫殿显得空寂而又荒凉。
forlornly
It is stranded somewhat forlornly in the middle of the plain.
它有些孤零零地立在平原中央。
3. [ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词](希望、尝试等)没有成功机会的，无谓的 A forlorn hope or attempt is one that you think has no chance of success. [usu ADJ n]
Peasants have left the land in the forlorn hope of finding a better life in cities.
农民离开土地，希望能在城市找到更好的生活，却不知道这根本难以实现。
...a forlorn effort to keep from losing my mind.
试图不让自己丧失理智的无谓努力
forlornly
His father forlornly hoped someone might have seen them.
