expatriate
英 [ˌeks'pætriət] 美 [ˌeks'peɪtriət]
n.移居外国者
◉Etymology
“Expatriate”源自拉丁语“expatriatus”，由前缀“ex-”（离开）和“patria”（祖国）组成，字面意为“离开祖国”。“Patria”来自“pater”（父亲），与“patriot”（爱国者）、“paternal”（父系的）同根，暗示故土的亲密联系。这个词在17世纪进入英语，最初指被驱逐或自愿离开祖国的人，如政治流亡者。到19世纪，“expatriate”更多指选择在国外生活的群体，尤其艺术家或专业人士。其语感中性而正式，带有一种异乡生活的复杂情感。
◉外刊例句
① 《The Economist》 (2023年12月5日)
Expatriates in Dubai enjoy tax-free salaries but face cultural adjustments.
迪拜的侨民享受免税薪资，但面临文化适应的挑战。
② 《The Guardian》 (2024年7月22日)
The city’s vibrant arts scene attracts expatriates from around the globe.
这座城市充满活力的艺术场景吸引了来自全球的侨民。
◉经典名著
① 《太阳照常升起》（The Sun Also Rises）——欧内斯特·海明威 (1926年)
The expatriates gathered in Paris, seeking meaning in a fractured world.
侨民们聚集在巴黎，在破碎的世界中寻找意义。
② 《夜色温柔》（Tender Is the Night）——F·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德 (1934年)
As an expatriate, he felt both liberated and rootless on the Riviera.
作为一名侨民，他在里维埃拉感到既自由又无根。
◉Usage Examples
(1) Many people, Chinese and expatriate, did just that.
(2) He is content to remain an expatriate the rest of his life.
(1) 无论是中国人还是外国人,许多人都在这么做。
(2) 他满足于馀生流亡于国外。
◉Usage Notes
An expatriate is someone who lives in another country by choice. If you leave your split-level ranch in Ohio and move to a writers' commune in Paris for good, you've become an expatriate.
Expatriate can also be a verb, so that American in Paris has expatriated. There was a scene of expatriates, or expats, living in Paris in the roaring '20s that included writers like F. Scott Fitzgerald and Gertrude Stein. The word used to mean to get kicked out of your native country — it's from the French word expatrier which means "banish." The prefix ex means "out of" and the Latin patria "one's native country," but the word took a turn and now refers to people who left without getting shoved out.
◉Colins
1. [N-COUNT 可数名词]移居国外者；侨民 An expatriate is someone who is living in a country which is not their own. [ADJ n]
...British expatriates in Spain.
在西班牙的英国侨民
Expatriate is also an adjective.
The French military is preparing to evacuate women and children of expatriate families.
法国军方正准备撤离侨民家庭的妇女儿童。
